The Northern Rivers Project
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  • Life
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      • Arachnids, Spiders, Harvestmen, Scorpions, Ticks and Mites of the Northern Rivers, Index
      • Birds, Index
      • Butterflies of the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Index
      • Mammals of the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Index
      • Reptiles of the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Index
    • Animals - Kingdom: Animalia >
      • Thorny-headed Worms - Phylum: Acanthocephala
      • Segmented Worms - Phylum: Annelida
      • Arthropods - Phylum: Arthropoda >
        • Crustaceans - Subphylum: Crustacea >
          • Malacostracans - Class: Malacostraca >
            • Decapods, Isopods and Allies - Subclass: Eumalocostraca >
              • Decapods and Krill - Superorder: Eucarida >
                • Decapods - Order: Decapoda >
                  • Crabs, Lobsters, Shrimps and Allies - Suborder: Pleocyemata >
                    • True Crabs - Infraorder: Brachyura
        • Hexapods - Subphylum: Hexapoda >
          • Insects - Class: Insecta >
            • Beetles - Order: Coleoptera >
              • Leaf-, Rove-, Scarab- and other Beetles - Suborder: Polyphaga >
                • Cucujiform Beetles - Infraorder: Cucujiformia >
                  • Leaf Beetles and Allies - Superfamily: Chrysomeloidea
                  • Checkered Beetles and Allies - Superfamily: Cleroidea >
                    • Checkered Beetles - Family: Cleridae
                  • Bark, Fungus, Lady Beetles and Allies - Superfamily: Coccinelloidea >
                    • Lady Beetles - Family: Coccinellidae
                  • Snout Beetles and Allies - Superfamily: Curculionoidea >
                    • Fungus Weevils - Family: Anthribidae
                    • Belid Weevils - Family: Belidae
                • Elateriform Beetles - Infraorder: Elateriformia >
                  • Jewel and False Jewel Beetles - Superfamily: Buprestoidea
                  • Pill-, Water-, and Toe-winged Beetles - Superfamily: Byrrhoidea
                  • Click, Firefly and Soldier Beetles - superfamily: Elateroidea >
                    • Soldier Beetles - Family: Cantharidae
                • Scarabeiform Beetles - Infraorder: Scarabaeiformia >
                  • Scarabs, Stag Beetles and Allies - Superfamily: Scarabaeoidea
            • Flies - Order: Diptera >
              • Brachyceran Flies - Suborder: Brachycera >
                • Cyclorrhaphan Flies - Infraorder: Cyclorrhapha >
                  • Aschizan Flies - Zoosection: Aschiza
                • Orthorrhaphan Flies - Infraorder: Orthorrhapha >
                  • Snipe Flies and Allies - Parvorder: Tabanomorpha >
                    • March Flies - Family: Tabanidae
              • Nematoceran Flies - Suborder: Nematocera >
                • Gnats and Allies - Infraorder: Bibionomorpha
            • True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies - Order Hemiptera >
              • True Hoppers - Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha >
                • Spittlebugs, Cicadas, Leafhoppers and Treehoppers - Infraorder: Cicadamorpha >
                  • Cicadas - Superfamily: Cicadoidea
              • True Bugs - Suborder: Heteroptera >
                • Cimicomorph Bugs - Infraorder: Cimicomorpha >
                  • Plant Bugs, Lace Bugs and Allies - Superfamily: Miroidea
                  • Assassin Bugs and Allies - Superfamily: Reduvioidea
                • Pentatomomorph Bugs - Infraorder: Pentatomomorpha >
                  • Leaf-footed Bugs and Allies - Superfamily: Coreoidea
                  • Seed Bugs and Allies - Superfamily: Lygaeoidea
                  • Stink Bugs, Shield Bugs and Allies - Superfamily: Pentatomoidea
              • Plant-parasitic Hemipterans - Suborder: Sternorrhyncha >
                • Whiteflies - Superfamily: Aleyrodoidea
                • Scale Insects - Superfamily: Coccoidea
                • Aphids - Superfamily: Aphidoidea
            • Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies - Order: Hymenoptera >
              • Narrow-waisted Wasps, Ants and Bees - Suborder: Apocrita >
                • Aulacid, Carrot and Hatchet Wasps - Superfamily: Evanioidea
                • Ants, Bees and Stinging Wasps - Infraorder: Aculeata >
                  • Bees and Apoid Wasps - Superfamily: Apoidea
                • Gall Wasps, Chalcidoid Wasps and Allies - Infraorder: Proctotrupomorpha
              • Sawflies, Horntails and Wood Wasps - Suborder: Symphyta >
                • Typical Sawflies - Superfamily: Tenthredinoidea
            • Butterflies and Moths - Order: Lepidoptera >
              • Butterflies - Superfamily: Papilionoidea >
                • Skippers - Family: Hesperiidae
                • Gossamer-winged Butterflies - Family: Lycaenidae
                • Nymphs - Family: Nymphalidae
                • Swallowtails - Family: Papilionidae
                • Whites and Yellows - Family: Pieridae
              • Moths - All other Lepidoptera >
                • Bagworms, Clothes Moths and Allies - Superfamily: Tineoidea >
                  • Bagworm and Case Moths - Family: Psychidae
                  • Fungus-, Clothes Moths and Allies - Family: Tineidae
                • Carpenter-, Leopard- and Goat Moths - Superfamily: Cossoidea >
                  • Carpenter and Leopard Moths - Family: Cossidae
                • Curved-horn Moths - Superfamily: Gelechioidea >
                  • Batrachedrid Moths - Family: Batrachedridae
                  • Blastobasid Moths - Family: Blastobasidae
                  • Concealer Moths - Family: Oecophoridae
                  • Cosmet Moths - Family: Cosmopterigidae
                  • Flat-bodied Moths - Family: Depressariidae
                  • Long-horned Moths - Family: Lecithoceridae
                  • Stathmopodid Moths - Family: Stathmopodidae
                  • Twirler Moths - Family: Gelechiidae
                • Flannel, Burnet Moths and Allies - Superfamily: Zygaenoidea >
                  • Burnet Moths - Family: Zygaenidae
                • Geometer and Swallowtail Moths - Superfamily: Geometroidea >
                  • Geometer Moths - Family: Geometridae
                • Hawk-, Silk and Emperor Moths - Superfamily: Bombycoidea >
                  • Sphinx Moths - Family: Sphingidae
                • Leaf Miner Moths and Allies - Superfamily: Gracillaroidea >
                  • Roeslerstammid Moths - Family: Roeslerstammiidae
                • Tortricid Leafroller Moths - Superfamily: Tortricoidea >
                  • Tortricid Leafroller Moths - Family: Tortricidae
                • Owlet Moths and Allies - Superfamily: Noctuoidea >
                  • Underwing, Tiger, Tussock Moths and Allies - Family: Erebidae
                  • Cutworm Moths and Allies - Family: Noctuidae
                  • Tufted Moths - Family: Nolidae
                  • Prominent Moths - Family: Notodontidae
                • Plume Moths and Allies - Superfamily: Pterophoroidea >
                  • Plume Moths - Family: Pterophoridae
                • Pyralid and Crambid Snout Moths - Superfamily: Pyraloidea >
                  • Crambid Snout Moths - Family: Crambidae
                  • Pyralid Snout Moths - Family: Pyralidae
            • Mantises - Order: Mantodea >
              • Schizomantodea (Infraorder) >
                • Mantids and Allies - Superfamily: Mantoidea >
                  • Mantises - Family: Mantidae
            • Antlions, Lacewings and Allies - Order: Neuroptera >
              • Lacewings and Allies - Suborder: Hemerobiiformia >
                • Mantidflies - Family: Mantispidae
              • Antlions and Allies - Suborder: Myrmeleontiformia >
                • Antlions, Owlflies and Allies - Superfamily: Myrmeleontoidea
            • Dragonflies and Damselflies - Order: Odonata >
              • Dragonflies - Suborder: Anisoptera >
                • Darners - Superfamily: Aeshnoidea >
                  • Darners - Family: Aeshnidae
                • Clubtails - Superfamily: Gomphoidea >
                  • Clubtails - Family: Gomphidae
                • Emeralds, Skimmers and Allies - Superfamily: Libelluloidea >
                  • Emerald Dragonflies - Family: Corduliidae
                  • Skimmers - Family: Libellulidae
                  • Tigertails - Family: Synthemistidae
                • Petaltails - Superfamily: Petaluroidea >
                  • Petaltails - Family: Petaluridae
              • Damselflies - Suborder: Zygoptera >
                • Flatwings, Bluestreaks and Allies - Superfamily: Calopterygoidea >
                  • Bluestreaks and Rockmasters - Family: Lestoideidae
                  • Flatwings - Family: Argiolestidae
                • Narrow-winged Damselflies and Allies - Superfamily: Coenagrionoidea >
                  • Narrow-winged Damselfies - Family: Coenagrionidae
                  • Pinflies and Wiretails - Family: Isostictidae
                  • White-legged Damselfies - Family: Platycnemidae
                • Spreadwings, Sylphs and Allies - Superfamily: Lestoidea >
                  • Spread-winged Damselfies - Family: Lestidae
                  • Sylphs - Family: Synlestidae
            • Grasshoppers, Crickets and Katydids - Order: Orthoptera >
              • Grasshoppers and Locusts - Suborder: Caelifera >
                • Grasshoppers - Infraorder: Acrididea >
                  • Short-horned Grassphoppers and Locusts - Superfamily: Acridoidea >
                    • Short-horned Grasshoppers - Family: Acrididae
                  • Gaudy Grasshoppers - Superfamily: Pyrgomorphoidea >
                    • Gaudy Grasshoppers - Family: Pyrgomorphidae
                  • Pygmy Grasshoppers - Superfamily: Tetrigoidea >
                    • Pygmy Grasshoppers - Family: Tetrigidae
            • Stick and Leaf Insects - Order: Phasmida >
              • Stick and Leaf Insects - Suborder: Verophasmatidae >
                • Phasmatid Stick and Leaf Insects - Family: Phasmatidae
      • Brachiopods - Phylum Brachiopoda
      • Bryozoans - Phylum: Bryozoa
      • Arrow Worms - Phylum: Chaetognatha
      • Chordates - Phylum: Chordata >
        • Vertebrates - Subphylum: Vertebrata >
          • Amphibians - Class: Amphibia >
            • Frogs and Toads - Order: Anura >
              • True Toads - Family: Bufonidae
              • Australasian Tree Frogs - Family: Pelodryadidae
              • Australian Ground Frogs - Family: Myobatrachidae
              • Foam-nesting Ground Frogs - Family: Limnodynastidae
              • Frogs, Index
          • Birds - Class: Aves >
            • Hawks, Eagles, Kites and Allies - Order: Accipitriformes >
              • Hawks, Eagles and Kites - Family: Accipitridae
              • Ospreys - Family: Pandionidae
            • Waterfowl - Order: Anseriformes >
              • Ducks, Geese and Swans - Family: Anatidae
              • Magpie Goose - Family: Anseranatidae
            • Nightjars, Swifts and Allies - Order: Caprimulgiformes >
              • Nightjars - Family: Caprimulgidae
              • Frogmouths - Family: Podargidae
            • Cassowaries and Emus - Order: Casuariiformes >
              • Emus - Family: Casuariidae
            • Shorebirds and Allies - Order: Charadriiformes >
              • Stone-Curlews - Family: Burhinidae
              • Plovers and Lapwings - Family: Charadriidae
              • Oystercatchers - Family: Haematopodidae
              • Gulls and Terns - Family: Laridae
              • Stilts and Avocets - Family: Recurvirostridae
              • Sandpipers and Allies - Family: Scolopacidae
              • Skuas - Family: Stercorariidae
              • Buttonquails - Family: Turnicidae
            • Storks - Order: Ciconiiformes >
              • Storks - Family: Ciconiidae
            • Pigeons and Doves - Order: Columbiformes >
              • Pigeons and Doves - Family: Columbidae
            • Kingfishers and Allies - Order: Coraciiformes >
              • Kingfishers - Family: Alcedinidae
              • Bee-eaters - Family: Meropidae
            • Cuckoos - Order: Cuculiformes >
              • Cuckoos - Family: Cuculidae
            • Falcons and Allies - Order: Falconiformes >
              • Falcons and Allies - Family: Falconidae
            • Landfowl - Order: Galliformes >
              • Moundbuilders - Family: Megapodidae
              • Guineafowl - Family: Numididae
              • Pheasants, Quails and Allies - Family: Phasianidae
            • Cranes, Rails and Allies - Order: Gruiformes >
              • Cranes - Family: Gruidae
              • Rails, Gallinules and Coots - Family: Rallidae
            • Bustards - Order: Otidiformes >
              • Bustards - Family: Otididae
            • Perching Birds - Order: Passeriformes >
              • Thornbills and Allies - Family: Acanthizidae
              • Woodswallows, Butcherbirds and Allies - Family: Artamidae
              • Cuckoo-Shrikes - Family: Campephagidae
              • Australasian Treecreepers - Family: Climacteridae
              • Australian Mudnesters - Family: Corcoracidae
              • Crows, Ravens and Allies - Family: Corvidae
              • Flowerpeckers - Family: Dicaeidae
              • Drongos - Family: Dicruridae
              • Finches, Mannikins and Allies - Family: Estrildidae
              • Shrike-Tits - Family: Falcunculidae
              • Swallows and Martins - Family: Hirundinidae
              • Grassbirds and Allies - Family: Locustellidae
              • Fairywrens and Allies - Family: Maluridae
              • Honeyeaters - Family: Meliphagidae
              • Lyrebirds - Family: Menuridae
              • Monarch Flycatchers - Family: Monarchidae
              • Wagtails and Pipits - Family: Motacillidae
              • Sittellas - Family: Neosittidae
              • Figbirds and Orioles - Family: Oriolidae
              • Whistlers and Allies - Family: Pachycephalidae
              • Pardalotes - Family: Pardalotidae
              • Old World Sparrows - Family: Passeridae
              • Australasian Robins - Family: Petroicidae
              • Whipbirds - Family: Psophodidae
              • Bowerbirds - Family: Ptilonorhynchidae
              • Fantails - Family: Rhipiduridae
              • Starlings - Family: Sturnidae
            • Pelicans, Herons, Ibises and Allies - Order: Pelecaniformes >
              • Herons, Egrets and Bitterns - Family: Ardeidae
              • Pelicans - Family: Pelecanidae
              • Ibises and Spoonbills - Family: Threskiornithidae
            • Grebes - Order: Podicipediformes >
              • Grebes - Family: Podicipedidae
            • Tubenoses - Order: Procellariiformes >
              • Southern Storm Petrels - Family: Oceanitidae
              • Petrels and Shearwaters - Family: Procellariidae
            • Parrots and Cockatoos - Order: Psittaciformes >
              • Cockatoos - Family: Cacatuidae
              • Old World Parrots - Family: Psittaculidae
            • Penguins - Order: Sphenisciformes >
              • Penguins - Family: Spheniscidae
            • Owls - Order: Strigiformes >
              • Barn Owls - Family: Tytonidae
            • Gannets, Cormorants and Allies - Order: Suliformes >
              • Darters - Family: Anhingidae
              • Cormorants and Shags - Family: Phalacrocoracidae
              • Boobies and Gannets - Family: Sulidae
          • Mammals - Class: Mammalia >
            • Prototherians - Subclass: Prototheria >
              • Platypus - Family: Ornithorhynchidae
            • Therians - Subclass: Theria >
              • Marsupials - Infraclass: Marsupialia >
                • Kangaroos, Possums, Wombats and Allies - Order: Diprotodontia >
                  • Kangaroos, Wallabies and Allies - Family: Macropodidae
                  • Cuscuses and Brushtail Possums - Family: Phalangeridae
                  • Koalas - Family: Phascolarctidae
                  • Potoroos and Bettongs - Family: Potoroidae
              • Placental Mammals - Infraclass: Placentalia >
                • Primates, Rodents and Allies - Superorder: Euarchontoglires >
                  • Lagomorphs - Order: Lagomorpha >
                    • Hares and Rabbits - Family: Leporidae
                  • Rodents - Order: Rodentia >
                    • Mice, Rats and Hamsters - Suborder: Myomorpha >
                      • Old World Mice and Rats - Family: Muridae
                • Ungulates, Carnivorans and Allies - Superorder: Laurasiatheria >
                  • Even-toed Ungulates and Cetaceans - Order: Artiodactyla >
                    • Ruminants - Suborder: Ruminantia >
                      • Bovids - Family: Bovidae
                    • Swines and Allies - Suborder: Suina >
                      • Swines - Family: Suidae
                    • Cetaceans and Allies - Suborder: Whippomorpha >
                      • Baleen Whales - Parvorder: Mysticeti >
                        • Humpback Whales and Rorquals - Family: Balaenopteridae
                  • Carnivorans - Order: Carnivora >
                    • Canids - Family: Canidae
                    • Felids - Family: Felidae
                  • Bats - Order: Chiroptera >